ࡱ> :<9 bjbjVV ."<<     3IIII$$$CEEEEEE$^ti7$$77iII~   7vIIC 7C  I@eP  /0F&P$0T" v$$$ii$$$7777$$$$$$$$$ : David Alfara Siqueros Art and Corruption. 1969 The Mexican Revolution was a major armed struggle that started in 1910, with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Diaz. The Revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements. Over time the Revolution changed from a revolt against the established order to a multi-sided civil war. After prolonged struggles, its representatives produced the Mexican Constitution of 1917. Wikipedia  HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Revolution" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Revolution accessed 3/21/11 However Siqueros dates the revolution back to 1906. The revolution continued into the 1920s. [In the early 1920s] There were those who claimed that film and photography were better as a tool of revolution. Certain professors said our paintings were obscene, destroying the architecture by not complementing the colonial style, and our aims were subversive (in promoting agrarian reform, workers rights, social security, etc.) Armed students attacked and partially destroyed the murals: counter-revolutionary, against the Mexican Revolution of which our work was a manifestation in the field of art. This lead to mobilization of the people in support of their work. The theorists who saw the work as politically useless now changed their minds, seeing their work as academic and backward. They wanted to return Mexican art to imitation of Europe. The government at that time favored mural painting. The government said that if we continued to publish El Machete they would withdraw their mural contracts. The painters split. Corruption had appeared [as in weakening on the revolutionary spirit of the work] Public art is for everyone, not just for the elite. Mural painting as a collective phenomenon had disappeared. The bourgeoisie [the rich], with their concepts of individualism and private property, created private art as we know it today, including pop art, op art, and other frivolous variations. As the class in power, they wanted happiness and tranquility. [In the beginning] Mexican muralists still had bohemian and aesthete attitudes (the virus) and chose buildings for their beauty. The working class said: begin with political content. Art cannot break down the barriers which society erects, except in a relative way.. Originally the art of muralism was based on the best aspects of the Mexican Revolution. Later the government sought to limit this. But we have always tried to create art that could reach the multitudes. In 1964 as candidate for Peoples Electoral Front I argued for the freedom of artistic creation in all orders and defense of our mural movement. Obregon General lvaro Obregn Salido (February 19, 1880 July 17, 1928) was the President of Mexico from 1920 to 1924. He was assassinated in 1928, shortly after winning election to another presidential term. opposed only those portions that condemned concrete attitudes. Every revolution in social life brings with it an equivalent transformation in artistic forms and consequent modifications in esthetics. Easel painting is limited by the environment The environment dictates the themes which are used to those set by the buyers. Modern buyers always prefer something light and amiable. Although the artist creates for man, it is class that determines art. The true artist creates for everyone. I did a painting of architect Carlos Lazlo but did not sell him my ideology. The tourist market of the United States contributed to the distortion of pictorial production, taking artists away from muralism. Mexican curios became increasingly innocuous. The younger generation has no contact with the living realities of the country. Archaeologism is typical. Democratic governmental organization leads to democratic expressions in art. The threat to the muralist movement comes from imperialist penetration in the realm of culture. The state aims to replace socially conscious muralism with murals that are exclusively ornamental. Only the state can promote transcendent art: only revolutionary states have promoted art. The struggle for a progressive State is the duty of all Mexican artists. 23459K?    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